Tanzania - Tanzania

Tanzania er det største land i Østafrika.

Det moderne Tanzania kombinerer to områder, der på andre tidspunkter er blevet styret hver for sig: Tanganyika ved kysten af ​​det afrikanske fastland og øen Zanzibar i nærheden.

Regioner

Byer

• -6.183535.7461 Dodoma - hovedstaden
• -3.366666666666736.6833333333332 Arusha
• -6.839.2833333333333 Dar es Salaam
• -4.883333333333329.6333333333334 Kigoma
• -8.933.455 Mbeya
• -6.824166666666737.6633333333336 Morogoro
• -3.334883333333337.3403805555567 Moshi
• -10.27361111111140.1827777777788 Mtwara
• -2.516666666666732.99 Mwanza

Andre destinationer

• -3.2536.8333333333331 Arusha National Park - inkluderer Mount Meru, en 4.562 m aktiv stratovulkan
• -7.237.133333332 Mikumi National Park
• -3.066666666666737.3591666666673 Mount Kilimanjaro - Afrikas højeste top og verdens højeste fritstående bjerg, som du kan klatre med en guide
• -3.2135.464 Ngorongoro Conservation Area - inkluderer Ngorongoro-krateret og Olduvai-kløften
• -7.5311111134.636944445 Ruaha National Park
• -2.332777777777834.5666666666676 Serengeti National Park
• -6.164944444444439.1987888888897 Stone Town
• -4368 Tarangire National Park
• -7.836.683333339 Udzungwa Mountains National Park

Forstå

Historie

Tanzania er sandsynligvis et af de ældste kendte kontinuerligt beboede områder på Jorden; der er fundet fossile rester af mennesker og præhumane hominider i mere end to millioner år. For nylig antages det, at Tanzania er befolket af jæger-samler-samfund, sandsynligvis kushitiske og Khoisan-talende mennesker. For omkring 2000 år siden begyndte Bantu-talende mennesker at ankomme fra det vestlige Afrika i en række migrationer. Senere ankom nilotiske pastoralister og fortsatte med at immigrere ind i området frem til det 18. århundrede.

Rejsende og handlende fra Persiske Golf og Vestindien har besøgt den østafrikanske kyst siden tidligt i det første årtusinde CE. Islam blev praktiseret på Swahili-kyst så tidligt som det ottende eller niende århundrede e.Kr. Swahili-kysten voksede til sidst til at omfatte flere velhavende bystater, som omfattede Zanzibar og Kilwa Kisiwani. Især Zanzibar blev det vigtigste centrum for den arabiske slavehandel, det tidligere slavemarked i hovedstaden Stone Town er nu omdannet til en turistattraktion til minde om slaveri og med den anglikanske katedral, der er blevet bygget på stedet for den tidligere piskning stolpe.

I slutningen af ​​det 19. århundrede erobrede kejserlige Tyskland de regioner, der nu er Tanzania (minus Zanzibar), Rwanda og Burundi og indarbejdede dem i Tysk Østafrika. Aftalerne efter første verdenskrig og chartret om Folkeforbundet udpegede området til et britisk mandat, bortset fra et lille område i nordvest, som blev afstået til Belgien og senere blev Rwanda og Burundi).

Britisk styre sluttede i 1961 efter en relativt fredelig (sammenlignet med f.eks. Nabolandet Kenya) overgang til uafhængighed. I 1954 forvandlede Julius Nyerere en organisation til den politisk orienterede Tanganyika African National Union (TANU). Nyerere blev minister for britisk administreret Tanganyika i 1960 og fortsatte som premierminister, da Tanganyika blev uafhængig i 1961. Efter Zanzibar-revolutionen væltede det arabiske dynasti i nabolandet Zanzibar, som var blevet uafhængig i 1963, fusionerede øen med fastlandet Tanganyika og dannede Tanzanias nation den 26. april 1964.

Fra slutningen af ​​1970'erne vendte Tanzanias økonomi til det værre. Tanzania tilpassede sig også Kina og søgte kinesisk hjælp. Kineserne var hurtige til at overholde, men med den betingelse, at alle projekter blev afsluttet med importeret kinesisk arbejdskraft. Fra midten af ​​1980'erne finansierede regimet sig ved at låne fra Den Internationale Valutafond og gennemgik nogle reformer. Fra midten af ​​1980'erne er Tanzanias BNP pr. Indbygger vokset, og fattigdommen er blevet reduceret.

Geografi

Et stort centralt plateau udgør det meste af fastlandet, mellem 900 m og 1800 m. Bjergkæderne i den østlige bue og det sydlige og nordlige højland skærer over hele landet for at udgøre en del af Great Rift Valley.

Et land med geografiske ekstremer, Tanzania huser den højeste top (Kilimanjaro-bjerget), det laveste punkt (søbunden af ​​Lake Tanganyika) og en del af den største sø (Victoria-søen, delt med Uganda og Kenya) på det afrikanske kontinent.

Klima

Tanzanias vejr varierer fra fugtigt og varmt i lavtliggende områder, såsom Dar es Salaam, til varmt om dagen og køligt om natten i Arusha. Der er ingen synlige årstider, såsom vinter og sommer - kun de tørre og våde årstider. Tanzania har to regntider: De korte regnvejr fra slutningen af ​​oktober til slutningen af ​​december, også kaldet mangoregnet, og de lange regn fra marts til maj.

Mange populære resorts og turistattraktioner på Zanzibar og Mafia Island Marine Park tæt i den lange regnsæson, og mange stier i nationalparkerne er umulige i denne periode. Af den grund er ture i de fleste tilfælde begrænset til hovedveje i parkerne. Rejsende bør planlægge deres rejse i overensstemmelse hermed.

I den tørre sæson kan temperaturerne let stige til over 35 ° C i Dar es Salaam. Du bør søge ly for solen under middagens varme og bruge rigelige mængder solcreme, SPF 30.

De bedste tider at besøge er:

• Juni til august: Dette er slutningen på den lange regntiden, og vejret er bedst på denne tid af året - tåleligt om dagen og køligt om aftenen. Dette er dog ikke nødvendigvis den bedste tid på året for safari, da der er rigeligt med vand i parkerne, og dyr ikke tvinges til at samles nogle få steder for at rehydrere, som de gør midt i den tørre sæson lige efter jul.
• Januar til februar: Dette er det bedste tidspunkt at besøge Serengeti. Det er normalt på dette tidspunkt, at store flokke af gnuer, zebraer og buffalo vandrer til bedre græsningsområder. I denne periode kunne du observere nogle af de 1,5 millioner gnuer, der bor i Serengeti, foretager deres episke rejse. Dette er sandsynligvis den varmeste tid på året i Tanzania, når selv de lokale klager over varmen. Du er blevet advaret!

Mennesker

Tanzanianere danner mere end 120 etniske grupper. Udover de indfødte afrikanere er der også et betydeligt indisk samfund, der stammer fra indvandrere fra kolonitiden.

Hop ind

Visum

Intet visum kræves for ophold på mindre end 3 måneder for borgere i Namibia, Rumænien, Rwanda, Hong Kong, Macau, Malaysia og alle Commonwealth-medlemslande (undtagen det Det Forenede Kongerige, Canada, Bangladesh, New Zealand, Nigeria, Indien & Sydafrika). Et turistvisum koster henholdsvis US $ 50 eller US $ 100 for henholdsvis en tre måneders enkeltindrejse og et tre måneders dobbeltvisum. Visumet kan ansøges online via statens elektroniske visumsøgningssystem og også opnået ved landing i Dar es Salaam, Kilimanjaro, Mwanza og andre indgangshavne. Ventetiden på visa ved ankomsten kan være særlig lang, hvis din flyvning ankommer på samme tid som andre internationale flyvninger. Visum er gyldige fra varigheden af ​​udstedelsesdatoen. Indehavere af et amerikansk pas kan kun få et USD 100-visum til flere indrejser, der er gyldigt i 12 måneder.

Tanzania har ekstra krav til alle, der ikke besøger til turistformål. Enhver form for forretningsbesøg kræver et specifikt forretningsvisum, der koster US $ 250 og kan også ansøges om via det elektroniske visumsystem.

Når du krydser land ved Namanga-grænseovergangen (f.eks. Rejser fra Nairobi, Kenya til Arusha, Tanzania), skal du krydse grænsen til fods. Svindlere i ingenmandsland mellem grænsekontorerne i Kenya og Tanzania vil prøve flere svindel, herunder tilbyde uhyrligt dårlige valutakurser og foregive at være embedsmænd, der sælger Tanzania visummærker. De, der forsøger at sælge Tanzania-visummærkerne, handler officielt og beder om at se dit pas, så placerer de en vare (en lille tanzanisk pengeseddel) i dit pas, lukker paset og anmoder om visum ved ankomst. Foretag kun forretning med immigrationskontorerne og tilstødende banker, der er placeret i etablerede regeringsbygninger. Stop ikke eller interagere med mennesker i ingenmandslandet imellem.

Visa-udvidelser

Hvis der er turistvisum, kan visumets varighed forlænges med en måned uden ekstra gebyr på Tanzanias immigrationskontor i Dar es Salaam.

Med fly

Der er to store lufthavne; en i Dar es Salaam, Julius Nyerere Internationale Lufthavn (DAR ^IATA) (tidligere kendt som Mwalimu Julius K. Nyerere International Airport og Dar es Salaam International Airport), og en i Kilimanjaro, Kilimanjaro Internationale Lufthavn (JRO ^IATA), som er halvvejs imellem Arusha og Moshi.

Tanzania serveres internationalt fra

Europa ved

• KLM Royal Dutch Airlines (Amsterdam), 255 22 213 9790 (Dar) & 255 27 223 8355 (Arusha). Daglige flyrejser med mellemlanding i Kilimanjaro.
• Swiss International Air Lines (Zürich), 255 22 211 8870. 5 flyrejser om ugen (mandag, onsdag, torsdag, fredag ​​og lørdag) med mellemlanding i Nairobi.
• Turkish Airlines (Istanbul). Daglige flyvninger.

mellem Østen og Asien ved

• Emirates (Dubai), 255 22 211 6100. Daglige flyrejser.
• Qatar Airways (Doha), 255 22 284 2675, 1019, Julius Nyerere International Airport, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Daglige flyvninger.
• Oman Air.
• Etihad luftveje.
• Flydubai.

Afrika ved

• Fast Jet, et lavprisselskab.
• South African Airways (Johannesburg), 255 22 211 7044. To gange daglige flyrejser.
• Ethiopian Airlines (Addis Abeba), 255 22 211 7063. Daglige flyvninger (undtagen mandag) med mellemlanding i Kilimanjaro.
• Kenya Airways (Nairobi), 255 22 211 9376 (Dar) & 255 24 223 8355 (Zanzibar). Tre daglige flyvninger med nogle stop i Kilimanjaro.
• Egypt Air.
• Air Seychellerne.
• Comores Aviation.
• Transportører, der stammer fra Malawi, Mozambique også opretholde regelmæssige flyrejser til Dar es Salaam.

Og indenlandske ved

• Air Tanzania, 255 22 211 8411, [email protected].
• Præcisionsluft, 255 22 212 1718, Langs Nyerere / Pugu Road, P.O Box 70770, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, [email protected] eller [email protected] også fly til / fra Kenya.
• Coastal Aviation, 255 699 999 999, P. O. Box 3052, 107 Slipway, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, [email protected].
• ZanAir, 255 24 223 3670, PO Box 2113, Zanzibar, Tanzania, [email protected].
• Regional luft leverer næsten daglig service til alle større byer, herunder Dar es Salaam, Arusha, Mwanza, Mbeya, Zanzibar og de fleste nationalparker.

Indenrigsflyvninger er ofte sene, men generelt pålidelige.

Med tog

Tanzania - Zambia togforbindelse, kendt som TAZARA, kører tog to gange om ugen mellem kl Ny Kapiri Mposhi, Zambia og Dar es Salaam, med afgang fra Dar es Salaam på tirsdage og fredage.

En indenlandsk Tanzania jernbaner netværk forbinder Tanzanias større byer, herunder Kigoma, Mwanza, Dodoma, Taboraog Dar es Salaam. Indenrigstogtjenesten er normalt pålidelig, og billetpriserne er overkommelige. Billetpriserne adskiller sig dog efter 'klasse', typisk første, anden og tredje. Første og anden klasse tilbyder hytter med henholdsvis to og seks senge. Tredje klasse er åbne siddepladser. Varme måltider og drikkevarer er normalt tilgængelige i spisebilen. Det er ikke ualmindeligt, at togkøkkenet køber friske råvarer på mange af stoppestederne undervejs. Du kan også købe frugt og snacks direkte fra lokale forhandlere, der besøger de mange togstationer på hver af Tanzanias mange togruter.

Med bus

Bussen er en fantastisk måde at komme ind i Tanzania på. Flyv til et sted som Nairobi, så kan du tage en bus ned til Arusha - en god base for Mount Meru og Ngorongoro-krateret. Du bør heller ikke glemme den sydlige centrale del af Tanzania, væk fra turistmæglere. Veje i Tanzania er ikke i god stand; der er ingen motorveje, og der er meget få flere banesegmenter langs hovedveje. Busser sænker eller stopper i de fleste landsbyer på grund af værktøjer til trafik, politi og hastighedsberedning. Til din reference tager turen fra Dar es Salaam til Iringa mindst 6 timer i et privat køretøj. Det er for det meste en tofeltsvej, genopbygget af kineserne, så det er for det meste i god stand.

Vestgående og nordgående busser, der afgår fra Dar, kører den samme vej (A7), indtil du kommer til Chalinze, som er cirka halvvejs, mindre end to timer, mellem Dar og Morogoro.

Hvis du skal til Arusha, kører bussen mod nord på A17. Andre bemærkelsesværdige destinationer langs denne rute er Saandani National Park, Pangani, Tanga, Lushoto, Kilimanjaro og Moshi. Fra Arusha kan du også tage en bus til Mwanza og Kigoma, men når du først er forbi Ngorongoro Conservation Area, er vejene i ekstremt dårlig stand, og du er på en ujævn tur.

Hvis du fortsætter forbi Chalinze, passerer du Morogoro (også afkørslen mod Dodoma), indgangsstedet til Selous Game Reserve, Mikumi National Park, den gamle hovedport til Udzungwa Mountains Parker og Iringa, som er turen off til Ruaha National Park.

Iringa er stedet at udforske det sydlige kredsløb med en ny campingplads ved Msosa-porten til Uduzungwas (Iringa-siden af ​​parken) og porten til Ruaha (muligvis Tanzanias bedste park). Det er et godt sted at bo et par dage.

Efter Iringa går du enten vestpå, til Mbeya eller sydpå til Songea. Gå til Mbeya, hvis du enten vil besøge Tanganyika-søen, gå ind i Malawi eller køre nordpå til Kigoma. Nord for Mbeya er vejene ikke forseglede, så det bliver en lang og meget ubehagelig tur. Hvis du vil se Lake Nyasa (alias Lake Malawi), skal du tage bussen til Songea. Selvom du er inden for et stenkast fra Mozambique, er der ingen officielle indgangspunkter til Mozambique.

Endelig, hvis du er på vej syd for Dar, så tager du B2. Dette er hovedruten til Selous og Rufiji-floden. Undervejs kan du også stoppe i Kilwa, Lindi og endelig Mtwara. Vejen er ikke forseglet hele vejen, så tag igen en pude.

Uden for vejene, der forbinder Nairobi, Arusha og Dar es Salaam, er veje mellem andre byer og landsbyer i meget dårlig stand, selvom de langsomt forbedres. For eksempel er det langsomt at rejse fra Arusha til Dodoma. Det kan være hurtigere at vende tilbage til Chalinze og derefter gå ombord på en bus til Dodoma. Dette er stort set tilfældet for enhver rejse mellem byer, der ikke ligger langs vejen til Dar.

Grænsebyen Namanga er en hektisk forpost, der indbegreber meget af Afrika. Bussen venter endda her på dig til at krydse grænsen. Du kan endda gå af på den kenyanske side, gå over grænsen og gå på bussen igen på den tanzaniske side.

Fra Dar med bus er det også muligt at rejse til Malawi, Uganda og Rwanda.

Nyttige oplysninger om Dar es Salaam busstand ("Ubungo") og nogle specifikke buslinjer findes i Dar es Salaam artikel.

Sørg for at gå til den korrekte billetsalgsskranke for at købe billetter, især i større byer. Dukk også op ved den korrekte billetsalgsbureau i god tid før bussen er planlagt til afgang for at sikre, at du bliver sendt til den rigtige bus og tjekke din bagage sammen med den aktuelle buschauffør. I Arushas busterminal er der fidus, hvor folk vil forsøge at udgive sig for busbilletter og folk, der kører bus.

Buslinjer

Se specifikke byer for mere information om de buslinjer, der betjener dem.

• Tahmeed-busser Opret forbindelse Mombasa med Tanga og Nairobi igennem Arusha og Dar i Tanzania.
• Royal Coach rejser til Arusha og er en af ​​de bedste busser til rådighed.
• Dar Express servicerer mange byer, herunder Nairobi, Kenya.
• Resume, Sutcoog Upendo forbinde den smukke sydlige del af Tanzania, Iringa og Mbeya til Dar og længere sydvest.
• Taqwa Coach Company har busser til og fra Dar til Malawi, Zambia og Kenya.
• Kilimanjaro busser, rejser Arusha -Moshi til Dar es salaam.
• Abood busser, rejser Dar es salaam til Morogoro

Med båd

Azam Marine og Fast Ferries forbinder Dar es Salaam og Zanzibar. Det tager cirka 90 minutter at sejle.

Komme omkring

Med bus og minibus

Bussen er den mest almindelige måde at rejse rundt i Tanzania på. De fleste busser har et simpelt design, og vejene er dårlige, selvom 1. klasses air-con-busser er tilgængelige på Dar-Moshi-Arusha-ruten (Dar Express - billetkontor på Libya Street downtown eller kontor nr. 45 ved Ubungo). Næsten alle busser kører ind og ud af Dar es Salaam. Hovedbusstationen i Dar (hvor alle busser kører), Ubungo, ligger 8 km vest for byens centrum. Et antal af de bedre "bybusser" giver dig gratis drinks og kiks.

I Dar kan minibusser kaldet Dala-Dalas køres billigt til de fleste steder i byen. Billetprisen er skrevet på forsiden ved siden af ​​døren - det er normalt TSh 250 for voksne (2011) bortset fra længere afstande. Ruten for bussen er også stencileret på forsiden og siderne af bussen, f.eks. 'Posta-Mwenge', og der er et farvekodningssystem. Posta (uden for det centrale postkontor på Azikiwe / Maktaba Street) er det største centrum af daladala. Andre er Kariakoo, Mwenge, Buguruni og Ubungo. Hop på daladala, tag plads, hvis der er en, og betal dirigenten ('konda'), når han ryster sin bunke mønter mod dig på en meningsfuld måde. Kondaen råber navnene på stoppestederne - hvis du ikke ved, hvor du er, eller ikke kender navnet på din destinationsstop, vil det være svært at vide, hvor du skal af. Hvis det er muligt, er det værd at spørge nogen til din destination, da stoppestederne undertiden slet ikke har nogen tegn - folk 'ved bare', at visse gadehjørner er daladala-stoppet, og navnene er ikke indlysende (f.eks. 'Sudani' på Masaki-Posta linje - nær den sudanesiske ambassadørbolig på Toure Drive). Når du hører eller ser dit stop og vil gå af, skal du råbe 'Shusha!' (slip mig), konda banker på chassiset to gange, og føreren svinger straks til siden og stopper. Daladalaerne løber ikke meget sent; på østsiden af ​​byen er de nyeste Msasani og Mwenge-ruterne.

Der er også trehjulede tuktuks / babytaxier / CNG'er / bajajis, der zoomer rundt. De er billigere end en taxa og kan komme forbi trafikpropper. Det er sandsynligvis ikke den sikreste mulighed. Du kan forhandle billetprisen på forhånd, men nogle gange kender chaufføren ikke din destination (der er ingen Dar es Salaam 'viden') og ved ikke, hvor meget han skal opkræve. Chauffører citerer generelt ret rimelige priser (måske med en rimelig 'hudafgift' for hvide mennesker) på destinationen, og hvis de prøver at rive dig af, kan du normalt fortælle det ved skrivelsen. Det kan være praktisk at kende 'højre' og 'venstre' på swahili: kulia (ret), kushoto (venstre), moja kwa moja (lige), simama (hold op), asante kaka (tak bror).

Privat taxaer er også et praktisk valg, men sørg for at forhandle om prisen, før du bruger dem. Medrejsende kan muligvis rådgive om en rimelig billetpris. Nogle steder (f.eks. Dar es Salaam Lufthavn) har et stærkt taxakartel og har faste priser.

Med fly

Hvis du har råd til det, er det hurtigere og mere sikkert at flyve rundt i Tanzania. Se Tanzania # By_plane afsnit ovenfor. Selv de travleste veje er i dårlig stand, og buschauffører er ikke kendt for deres tålmodighed eller store køreevner. Trafikulykker kræver flere menneskeliv i Tanzania end nogen anden dødsårsag.

Med bil

Advarsel: Det tilrådes ikke at køre i Tanzania eller i det meste af Afrika, medmindre du allerede har oplevet kørselsforholdene i udviklingslande. Ikke desto mindre er her nogle nyttige oplysninger for dem, der tænker at tage udfordringen.

Kør på venstre side af vejen

• Tanzanianere kører til venstre (som i Storbritannien, Indien, Australien, Japan og andre lande) i modsætning til at køre til højre, som i Nordamerika og de fleste europæiske lande. Erfarne chauffører fra "højrestyrede" lande har brug for omkring en halv dags kørsel rundt, før de tilpasser sig ændringen. Selvom gearskift, vinduesviskere og blinklysaktivatorer er vendt, er det heldigvis ikke pedalerne. Bare følg trafikken. Selv med lidt øvelse skal du dog altid være opmærksom, da du let kan finde dig selv desorienteret, hvilket kan sætte dig i fare for en frontalkollision eller at ramme en fodgænger, hvis du er vant til at køre på den modsatte side af vej.

Valg af køretøj

• Hvis du lejer en bil, når du ankommer her, er din bedste mulighed et 4x4 sportsværktøj med god frihøjde, især hvis du planlægger at tage på safari i nogen af ​​nationalparkerne. Kig efter køretøjerne Land Cruiser, Hilux Surf (4Runner) og Range Rover. Undgå mini-SUV'er, såsom Toyota RAV4 og Honda CRV, fordi de ikke altid kan forhandle om de dårlige vejforhold i de fleste af Tanzanias nationalparker. Et andet problem er valgmuligheder for firehjulstræk. Køretøjer med altid kørt 4x4 er ikke det bedste valg til off-road kørsel. Disse køretøjer er designet til at køre i sneen på asfalterede veje eller gennem små mudderhuller. Hvad du støder på i nationalparker i Tanzania er helt anderledes og kræver et ordentligt 4-hjulstræk køretøj, der er i stand til at krydse store mudderhuller og sandveje. Selv da kan du stadig sidde fast.

Navigation

• Nelles Kort over Tanzania, Rwanda og Burundi er det bedste kort. De har taget sig tid til at finde den mindste landsby langs ruterne, hvilket er fantastisk til at navigere på steder, hvor vartegn er knappe.
• Der er markører og hvide betonpuder langs hovedveje. De identificerer den næste større by eller næste by langs ruten, og hvor mange kilometer der er tilbage.

Kørsel i byen

• Dette gælder kun Dar es Salaam, da alle andre byer er relativt små og lette at komme rundt i. Byens centrum er ekstremt overbelastet fra kl. 09.00 til 18.00 mandag til fredag. Der er få trafiklys, og gaderne er meget smalle. Det er en slags hundespisende sted, så stødende kørefærdigheder er et must, da ingen vil lade dig passere, hvis du bare sidder og venter ved stopskilt. Gaderne er overfyldte med parkerede og bevægelige biler, SUV'er, lastbiler, scootere og meget muskuløse mænd, der trækker sindssygt overbelastede vogne. Folk kan bruge timer fast i trafikpropper, især omkring Kariakoo Market.
• Der er et par rundkørsler i centrum, som de lokale kalder "keeplefties", fordi de troede, at skiltet, der rådede bilisterne om at "holde til venstre", når de kom ind i rundkørslerne, kaldte denne fascinerende Mzungu-opfindelse. Mzungu er det swahili-ord for "hvide" udlændinge. Det er ikke nedsættende, og det er mere i retning af at kalde en hvid person kaukasisk.
• Når du parkerer på gaden i Dar, skal du finde et sted at parkere, så låse dine døre og gå. Når du vender tilbage, vil en parkeringsvagt iført en gul fluorescerende vest henvende dig til betaling. Gebyret er Tsh 300 i to timer. Ledsageren skal enten give dig en billet, ellers er det afkrydset allerede på din forrude. Lade være med gå uden at betale, hvis der er en billet på din forrude. Ledsageren vil sandsynligvis blive tvunget til at kompensere for de manglende penge, da han sandsynligvis tjener i bedste fald Tsh 3000 om dagen.
• Carjacking er ualmindeligt, men det er ikke at åbne døre eller hoppe gennem åbne vinduer for at stjæle værdigenstande. Hold dine vinduer lukkede og dørene låst. Når køretøjer stoppes ved trafiklys eller parkeres uden opsyn, har tyve været kendt for at stjæle spejle, paneler, reservehjul og alt andet, der hverken er indgraveret med nummerpladenummer eller boltet ind i køretøjets krop. Vælg dine parkeringspladser omhyggeligt, og lad ikke værdigenstande være synlige. Du kan enten tilbyde parkeringsvagten et lille tip til at se dit køretøj, Tsh 500-1000, eller finde en sikret parkeringsplads, især hvis du forlader dit køretøj natten over.

Ruter

• De to hovedveje er Dar es Salaam til Mbeya vej (A7 / A17), der fører dig til Sydlige højland gennem byerne i Morogoro, Iringaog Mikumi National Parkog i nærheden af ​​Selous og Ruhaha nationalparker. Den anden vej er den Dar til Arusha og Serengeti vej (B1), der fører dig til Northern Circuit ved byerne i Tanga og Moshiog Mount Kilimanjaro, Saadani, Tanrangire, Ngorongoro og Serengeti nationalparker.

Farer og irritationer

• Tanzanere kører meget hurtigt og vil ikke tøve med at overhale i en blind kurve. De fleste erhvervskøretøjer er også dårligt vedligeholdt og overbelastet, og du vil se mange af dem nedbrudt langs de vigtigste motorveje. aldrig antage, at deres bremser fungerer, eller at førerne har gennemgået den farlige manøvre, de udfører fuldt ud.
• De fleste veje i Tanzania er dårligt vedligeholdt og fyldt med huller og farlige riller dannet af overbelastede transportkøretøjer. Alle hovedveje skærer gennem byer og landsbyer og ofte trafikdæmpende værktøjer (alias hastighed eller vejpukker) sikrer, at køretøjer reducerer deres hastighed, når de passerer igennem. Desværre er få tydeligt markeret, mens de fleste er svære at se, indtil du har ret på dem, og hvis du kommer for hurtigt, kan du blive kastet af vejen. Sænk farten når du kommer ind i en by, ellers kan du muligvis ikke undgå disse og andre farer. Denne defensive kørselsholdning er også klog, fordi dyr og børn ofte bolter ud på gaden.
• Hvis du er involveret i en ulykke med en fodgænger, skal du køre til nærmeste politistation for at rådgive dem. lade være med gå ud af dit køretøj og forsøg at løse situationen, selvom du er sikker på, at det ikke var din skyld. Tanzanere er nogle af de bedste mennesker, du nogensinde vil møde i Afrika, men de har været kendt for at tage sagerne i deres egne hænder. Dette skyldes i høj grad deres mistillid til politiet og troen på, at enhver med penge, f.eks. rige udlændinge, kan købe sig ud af et problem.
• Hvis du støder på en konvoj af offentlige køretøjer, skal du gå ud af vejen. De har prioritet, selvom dette kan diskuteres, og vil ikke tøve med at køre dig væk fra vejen, hvis du ikke giver efter. Du kan også blive idømt en bøde af politiet for din undladelse af at give efter.

I Tanzania kan du bestemme køretøjsregistrering ud fra nummerpladens farver. Gul plader, der starter med "T" og efterfulgt af tre numre, er privatejede køretøjer. Officielle tanzaniske regeringsplader er også gule, men de viser kun bogstaver og starter normalt med "S" (jo færre bogstaver, jo højere op i fødekæden er ejeren). Grøn plader er diplomatiske; Rød er internationale udviklingsagenturer Blå er FN og lignende organisationer hvid er taxaer, busser og erhvervskøretøjer (safari) og Sort er militæret og politiet. Denne kodning gælder ikke i Zanzibar og Pemba.

Passerer etikette

• Drivere, der følger dig, aktiverer deres ret blinklys for at indikere, at de ønsker at passere dig. Hvis vejen er fri, skal du aktivere din venstre blinklys; hvis ikke, skal du aktivere din ret blinklys. Se efter dette, når du prøver at passere.

Hvad man skal medbringe

• En stor jerrykanne (20 liter) med nødbrændstof. (Gå ikke ind i en nationalpark uden en fuld tank med gas.)
• En skovl, en machete ("panga" på swahili) og slæbtov.
• Gode ​​vejkort
• Førstehjælpskasse
• Drikkevand, mindst 5 liter, og ikke-letfordærvelige fødevareforsyninger.

Billeje - lej en bil til privat brug.

Billeje i Tanzania er overkommelig, og der er mange pålidelige 4WD-jeeps som Landcruisers og Landrovers til rådighed. 4WD-biler er komfortable og kan modstå vejrforholdene i Tanzania. Når du vil rejse komfortabelt hvor som helst i Tanzania, som landdistrikter eller nationalparker, skal du vælge privat rejse i en Landcruiser eller Landrover.

Der er flere lokale rejsearrangører (som f.eks [1]) som har en biludlejningsflåde i større lufthavne som Dar es Salaam Julius Nyerere lufthavn, Kilimanjaro International Airport, større byer og alle byer, der er perifere til turistmål som Moshi, Mwanza, Arusha og Karatu omkring Ngorongoro.

Se

Tanzania har flere nationalparker og vildtreservater, hvor du kan se nogle af de fineste Afrikansk flora og fauna. Safarier i Tanzania kan placeres i to kategorier, det nordlige kredsløb (Serengeti, Ngorongoro, Manyara og Tarangire) og det sydlige kredsløb (Selous, Mikumi og Ruaha). Dette er dog en overforenkling og inkluderer ikke andre interessante, men sværere at nå, parker som Katavi og Gombe for blot at nævne to. For turister er de to første grupperinger mere tilgængelige, da en række pakker tilbydes af flere rejseselskaber.

Safari priser

Omkostningerne ved en safari kan variere fra det grundlæggende (flyvetelte, self-catering og guider med køretøjer) til mindre parker som Manyara og Tarangire til luksushytter og teltlejre i Serengeti, som kan koste alt fra 250 $ til 1.500 $ pr. person pr. nat. Du kan bruge dit eget køretøj, forudsat at det er en 4x4 med tilstrækkelig frihøjde. Der er en fordel ved at leje en guide og et køretøj, da safarikøretøjer er udstyret med åbne hustage, som giver et meget bedre udsigtspunkt for dyrevisninger. Mange parker vil også kræve, at du lejer en certificeret guide, inden du går ind i parken, selvom du bruger dit eget køretøj. Guider kan koste omkring US $ 35 om dagen plus tip. Guider er gode at have, da de kender parken og kan hjælpe dig med at finde nogle af de mere efterspurgte dyr som løver, leoparder, næsehorn, geparder og hyæner.

Nogle af de mere populære safarifirmaer er Warrior Trails, Ranger tours & Leopard tours. Andre populære virksomheder, der er vurderet af Tanzania Association of Tour Operators, inkluderer Ajabu Adventures, Bush2Beach Safaris, Bushmen Expeditions, Fay Safaris og Tanzania Tour Company. Serena og Sopa er populære indlogeringssteder og har faciliteter i hele Northern Circuit. Rabat dog ikke ved hjælp af mindre ture og mindre kendte logifaciliteter, der er lige så gode, hvis ikke bedre end de større ture og hytter.

For bedre priser og nogle af de smukkeste parker, der undgår trafikpropper i safaribiler, skal du køre mod det sydlige kredsløb, især Ruaha National Park, hvor dyrelivet er meget større og landskabet spektakulært. Iringa er et godt sted at basere sig på at udforske dette område og sortere dine safariture.

For nogen af ​​de følgende ture, der kigger online, finder du velrenommerede virksomheder som Worldlink Travel og ture, der er til en rimelig pris og gør turen behagelig og stressfri.

Visning af vilde dyr

• Serengeti Nationalpark, berømt af adskillige Discovery Channel-tilbud, er vært for en bred vifte af vilde dyr, herunder løver, geparder, leoparder, flodheste, elefanter, zebraer, bøffel, vandbukke, krokodiller, gaselle, warthogs og gnuer. En vigtig attraktion er gnuerne, der foregår kontinuerligt mellem Serengeti og Masai Mara (Kenya). En guide med et 4-hjulstræk køretøj er påkrævet. Hvis migrationen er dit primære formål med at besøge Serengeti, bør du rådgive dit rejsefirma, da dette kan kræve rejser langt længere væk og kan være dyrere.
• Ngorongoro Conservation Area also hosts an abundance of wildlife, particularly in the Ngorongoro crater. Formed by the same volcanic activity that generated Kilimanjaro and the Great Rift Valley, Ngorongoro consists of the highlands around the crater (rich in elephants) and the crater itself (similar animals to Serengeti, but at higher densities and with a small population of black rhino).
• Ruaha National Park og Selous Game Reserve are far less popular but very enjoyable. You will find much greater variety of wildlife than you would in the Serengeti, if you're looking for a destination with fewer tourists these parks are for you. Ruaha is known for having the largest elephant and giraffe population of any park in Africa and often goes by the name 'Giraffic Park', it is also a good place to see large prides of lion and the elusive and rare hunting dogs. Selous is the only other place besides Ngorongoro where you may see a rhino. You can also visit the Uduzungwa Mountains Park for a truly wilderness hike through unspoiled and spectacular scenery. There are few places left in the world like this one. With new gates opened up on the Iringa side of the park with great camping it is a great addition to any visit to Tanzania.
• Tarangire National Park is in the northern circuit of Tanzania and was named after the Tarangire river flowing within the park. The park area is approximately 2,600 km². Similar to Serengeti, the park has a high concentrations of wildlife during the dry seasons. Also, over 570 bird species have been identified, and the place is surely a birdwatchers' paradise. Safari accommodation is available in quality safari lodges and campsites.

When visiting wildlife parks be sure to stay as close to the viewing areas (center of the parks) as possible and leave as soon as you can in the morning as animals are typically most active soon after sunrise.

Islands

• Zanzibar is an island off the coast of Tanzania and includes the island of Pemba. Zanzibar has beautiful beaches and a historical Stone Town. Zanzibar is great for scuba diving, snorkeling, and swimming with dolphins. Other attractions include spice tours and the Jozani Forest, which shelters a small population of red Colobus monkeys.
• Mafia Island Marine Park is south of Zanzibar and boasts some fantastic scuba diving and snorkeling. You may also get to swim with whale sharks, as this is one of the few areas in the world where they congregate annually.
• Bongoyo Island is easy to get to with a boat from Slipway. It has a remarkable beach with excellent snorkeling in clear water, although you may be better off taking your own snorkels as renting is costly. The island is not tide dependent, therefore you can swim at any time. There is a resident price and a 'muzungu' price' but still quite reasonable.
• Sinda Island is a small uninhabited island of ínner sinder' and outer sinder'.
• Mbudya Island can be accessed from Silver Sands hotel. The water is amazing although it looks clear you cannot snorkel in it as it is surprisingly murky underneath the surface.
• Lazy Lagoon There are 12 rooms on the private 9 km-long white sandy island with deserted beaches. It boasts swimming at all tides in clear azure blue water, ideal for snorkelling to be mesmerized by the shoals of iridescent tropical fish hiding among the pristine coral gardens that protect the island. The island is accessed from the mainland, just south of Bagamoyo town 70 km north of Dar es Salaam. It is home to bushbabies, wild pigs, genets, baboons, duiker, and Suni antelope. The bandas were well appointed and have solar-powered hot water, a large shady verandah with spacious rooms and big windows.

Mountains

• Mount Kilimanjaro is the highest peak in Africa and one of the highest freestanding mountains in the world. Many people travel to Tanzania just to climb this mountain. Does tend to be crowded with tourists. You can either organize your trek up the mountain from your home country through a travel agency, but you'll pay a lot more for this convenience, or, if you've got a bit of time, hop on plane and save some money by organizing it in Arusha or in Dar. There are as many incompetent and dishonest trek organizers as there are good ones. Make sure your guide will deliver on his promises.
• Mt Meru is an active stratovolcano located 70 km (43 mi) west of Mount Kilimanjaro in the nation of Tanzania. At a height of 4,565 m (14,977 ft), it is visible from Mt Kilimanjaro on a clear day, and is the ninth or tenth highest mountain in Africa, dependent on definition. Much of its bulk was lost about 8,000 years ago due to an eastward volcanic blast, similar to the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens in the U.S. state of Washington. Mount Meru most recently had a minor eruption in 1910. The several small cones and craters seen in the vicinity probably reflect numerous episodes of volcanic activity.

Gør

• There are loads of National Parks for those wanting to watch Tanzania's wildlife. You can gain entry for around US$100 and benefit from a tour (and perhaps a night's accommodation). The better parks, though packed with tourists, are found in the north of the country. Ruaha National Park is the best in the south (locals actually say this is the best park, especially if you want to see wild animals as opposed to semi-tame ones in the northern parks). Don't just be sucked into the tourist circuit in the north; the south offers great parks and towns (base yourself in Iringa), and you will feel less of a tourist and more of a guest if you travel this way.
• Scuba diving in and around Pemba and Zanzibar is another good experience.
• You can also visit numerous historical Slave Trade sites located in Bagamoyo, which could make for an interesting, if a little depressing, excursion.
• Strande: Tanzania has some of the best, most unspoiled beaches in the world. They are stunning, with their white sand, palm trees, and cool Indian Ocean water!
• Kayak the beautiful coastal waters with a tour operator.
• Tanzania has two of the best Stone Age sites in the world: Isimila Gorge (near Iringa) and the earliest known examples of human art among the rock paintings, near Kolo, north of Kondoa, Dodoma -- some of which are reckoned to be around 30,000 years old.
• Kilimanjaro is one of Tanzania's main attractions. Kilimanjaro is the highest mountain in Africa. Many visitors come to Tanzania to summit this great mountain. The main peak is estimated to be 5895 m high, making it a real challenge for mountaineers.
• ^{[dødt link]}Kilimanjaro Travel (Camping Safaris), Boma Road, Rindi Lane, ☏ 255784559111. Camping safaris in Tanzania is most loved safari tours in Tanzania. Camping safaris is on several travel categories like luxury mobile camps, luxury tented camps. There is also most affordable and comfortable basic camping safaris. Basic camping safaris is also known as budget camping safaris.
  Camping safaris is widely used for wildlife safaris and vacation holidays. Camping safaris can be planned for photographic safaris, ecotourism, budget Tanzania safaris, bird watching, walking safaris and responsible travel. 

Tale

Swahili and English are the official languages of Tanzania. Swahili however is the dominant language of society, with English largely limited to commerce and higher education. Over 100 different languages are also spoken by individual ethnic groups, though Swahili is almost universally spoken across the country.

Time of day

This is where a little knowledge of Kiswahili can cause some inconveniences. Tanzanians don't function on the same time as Westerners. This doesn't mean Africa time, which is the notion that appointments are flexible and people can arrive when they please. For Tanzanians, it's illogical that the day would start in the middle of the night.

Since sunrise and sunset happen pretty much at the same time all year round, 6AM and 6PM, the day starts at 6AM which is 0 hours. So when telling time in Kiswahili, Tanzanians always subtracted 6 hours for western time. 11AM is 5AM to a Tanzanian. To avoid any confusion, a Tanzanian will tell time in English if they want to use the western standard and in Kiswahili if they use local standard.

In Kiswahili, if you say Saa kumi na moja asubuhi (11AM), instead of Saa tano asubuhi (5AM), you'll end up waiting for 6 hours if the person arrives on time, plus however long it takes to arrive fashionably late!

Købe

Money

Exchange rates for Tanzanian shilling As of January 2020: US$1 ≈ TSh 2,300 €1 ≈ TSh 2,600 UK£1 ≈ TSh 3,000 Exchange rates fluctuate. Current rates for these and other currencies are available from XE.com

The currency of Tanzania is known as the Tanzanian shilling, denoted by the symbol "TSh" or by "/=" or "/-" following the number (ISO code:TZS). There are 5 notes and 4 coins:

• Notes - 10,000 (red); 5,000 (violet); 2,000 (brown); 1,000 (blue), and 500 (green) {500 have been changed to coins} denominations.
• Coins - 500, 200, 100 and 50 denominations.

Notes and coins vary in size and colour. In descending size order, TSh 10,000 is the largest note, and 500 is the smallest.

Tanzanian currency exchangers usually have a different exchange rate for different US$ denominations, larger and newer bills having a better exchange rate than older and smaller bills. The difference in exchange rate between $1/$5 bills and $50/$100 bills may exceed ten percent. Older US$100 notes are no longer accepted in Tanzania, and any note older than 2003 will most likely be refused everywhere. Also, it's best to avoid attempting to exchange notes with pen marks or any writing on them. If you withdraw a large amount of money, in the range of US$400, you'll have to carry over 40 notes around!

The TSh 10,000 and 5000 notes can be difficult to break when shopping in small shops, a.k.a. dukas. In Tanzania, it's usually the customer's responsibility to provide exact change. But if they do agree to provide change, you could be left with several 1000 and 500 notes of very poor quality. However, you won't have such problems in the large hotels and restaurants catering to foreigners.

In general, stores, restaurants, and hotels in Tanzania expect payment in Tanzanian shillings. Exceptions include payment for travel visas, entry fees to national parks (which must be paid in US dollars by non-residents), and payments for safaris and Kilimanjaro treks, which are generally priced in US dollars (though payment will be also accepted in other currencies). On Zanzibar, prices are generally in US dollars (including the ferry fare from Dar es Salaam to Zanzibar), and non-residents are required to pay for hotels with foreign currency (although the hotel will change Tanzanian shillings for you).

Most hotels will exchange US dollars, euros and British pounds for Tanzanian shillings. Other currencies, such as Canadian or Australian dollars, may be accepted but at rates far below the going rate.

ATMs are mostly located in the city centre and on the Msasani Peninsula. Equity Bank and Ecobank, ATMs work with Mastercard, PLUS, Cirrus, Union Pay, American Express, JCB, Diners club, Discover compatible cards. If you have a PIN code for your credit card, almost all Tanzanian banks with ATMs will allow cash advances on credit cards like Visa, MasterCard, American Express, Union Pay, JCB, Diners Club, Discover cards. If the ATM reports your home balance in TSh, you may be pleasantly surprised to find that you're a "shillionaire". Equity bank and Ecobank have no ATM fees for overseas bank cards at their ATMs. Barclays bank has a US$4 fee for all overseas banks cards at their ATMs.

Traveller's cheques have become virtually impossible to cash in all banks in Tanzania. Since ATMs are much more prevalent, using credit cards to withdrawals from your personal accounts is much easier now days.

Credit cards can be used in big supermarkets, malls, large hotels, resorts, and with certain travel agents.

Shopping

There are many markets in tourist cities that sell standard "African" goods. Beaded jewellery, carved soapstone, and Masai blankets make interesting gifts. Most "ebony" wood is fake (shoe polish) - the exception being in the far south-east of the country, where the Makonde tribe of Tanzania and Northern Mozambique create masks and other carvings from ebony and mpingo wood. Be prepared to bargain for everything. Masks are not typical of most East African groups, and the ones you find in the markets are either imported from West Africa or are strange things made just for tourists, with the exception of the Makonde masks.

Tinga Tinga paintings, named after the painter who originated that style, are for sale everywhere. Their distinctive style and colors make for attractive souvenirs. A standard size painting can be had for TSh 5,000-10,000. There is a Tinga Tinga school in Dar es Salaam, where you can purchase paintings from the artists themselves.

Air freight

If you happen to buy too many goodies during your travels, it is possible to send them home air freight. Many airlines will allow you to check additional parcels when you fly, for a fee, which probably makes the most sense if you're going straight home. But if you're continuing on, air freight might be the way to go. Many listed rates do not include 20% VAT, or a "fuel surcharge" of 13.5% as of 2008.

• DHL. Offers quite pricey service (e.g. about US$300 for a 10-kg package to the US) but is conveniently located in Dar city centre, as well as in a bunch of other cities (see web site). Will deliver direct to the recipient in most countries. 
• KLM (go to the old terminal at DAR airport). Offers slightly more reasonable rates than DHL (e.g. about US$100 for a 10-kg package to the US) but requires a trip to the airport and about 1 hour of paperwork & waiting. You must pay cash, in US dollars, plus some fees in shillings. Customs will want to go through the package, so bring something to (re)seal it. You can first go to the KLM freight office (look for the sign), then to the cargo building further down the same road, or call ahead and be met at cargo. If you just arrive at cargo you will be swarmed by freight forwarders - to find the KLM staff, look for the KLM logo (e.g. on a lanyard) or call ahead (☏ 255 714 474 617). Despite what you might be told, someone will need to go to the destination airport to pick up the package - it will not be delivered to an address by KLM. Storage charges will accrue if it's left for very long. 
• EMS. EMS is a branch of the Tanzanian postal service, and is the cheapest way to send packages. It's available at most larger town post offices. But shipping time can be quite long, and delivery is not always reliable. Also there are size/weight restrictions. Packages will be transferred to the local postal service at destination, which usually provides direct delivery. 
• Fedex. Fedex have offices in Arusha, Dar es Salaam and Mwanza, and like DHL, they are also pricey. 

Spise

• Produce is often of very high quality. Meat and milk can prove difficult for western taste and diets, so be sure that all meat is cooked through. At hotels, you won't have any trouble, but if you venture into small villages, make sure that all water is filtered or boiled before drinking and all fruits and vegetables are peeled before eating.
• Local dishes include Mtori - cooked beef and bananas - and Mchicha, a vegetable stew with meat or fish in it.
• If there is anything that can be called Tanzania's national dish, then Ugali would most likely win out. A polenta-style dish made with corn flour, it accompanies cooked meat and a variety of stews, and it's eaten with your hands. Recipes vary from village to village, and everyone has their own way of making it. Many foreigners find it bland and unappealing, but it's worth a try, and some upscale establishments serve it.
• Chai Maziwa (chai with milk) is a local favorite and well worth trying if you can handle the large amounts of sugar added to this drink.
• Street food is also cheap and plentiful. Barbecued maize on the cob is very nice, as are the chipped potatoes (fries), cooked over a roaring fire.
• Mandazi is a sweet doughnut-styled food that is mostly made fresh each morning. Great with coffee in the morning, it makes an ideal snack.
• Tanzania's large South Asian community ensures that a great variety of restaurants offer cuisine from all parts of that region of the globe. All eateries near Hindu temples (particularly in Dar) are a good bet. Just watch where the local Indians go to eat, and you won't be disappointed. Most of the food is cooked in large amounts of Ghee, clarified butter, which can be hard for some people to digest.
• Chips Mayai (chips cooked in an omelet) are served at nearly every African food stand in Tanzania and are considered a Tanzanian specialty. They're quite good with pili pili (hot sauce).

Drikke

• Konyagi is a wonderful gin-like beverage, sold only in Tanzania.
• Domestic beers are Kilimanjaro, Serengeti,Balimi, Pilsner, Kibo og Safari, which are western-style and very good. Imports include Tusker, Stella Artois, and Castle.
• Locally produced banana-beer is also available at times, but questionably safe to drink. Traditionally, you will drink this out of a hollowed gourd. First drink the guests, who then pass it to the elders. In some parts of Tanzania, fermented bamboo juice (Pombe) is the common tipple.
• Passion fruit, mango, and orange juices are available in many restaurants, and excellent when the fruits are in season.
• Soft drinks are widely available; Stoney Tangawizi (ginger ale - tangawizi means 'ginger', in Swahili) is one of the most popular.
• Mbege, a locally made drink made up of ripe bananas and finger millet, commonly in the northern Tanzania from the chagga community in the Kilimanjaro region.
• Other popular beverages are Fanta Orange, Fanta Passion, Fanta Pineapple, Pepsi, mirinda, Bitter Lemon, soda water, tonic water, and lassi (a sweet or salty yogurt drink).
• Northern Tanzania has a number of great coffee plantations. Although coffee does not have the same popularity in Tanzania as it has in Ethiopia, with a bit of searching you can find a decent cup of java, instead of the instant "Africa" coffee that is served in most restaurants. All large hotels in Dar make good coffee. If you want to brew your own cup, Msumbi Coffee Shop, 255 22 260 0380, Sea Cliff Village, sells Tanzanian coffee beans ground or whole, roasted on the premises.

Søvn

Be sure to avoid touts. If you are travelling as a couple, a good idea is for one person to sit in a lobby or restaurant with the bags, while the other scopes out rooms. You are likely to get a cheaper price without the bags, and not be targeted by sneaky touts that will raise the price US$5-10 for you for their commission.

Lære

Various schools and volunteer programs offer courses ranging from Beginners Swahili to Economic Development. Dar es Salaam also has a well-established university, which has exchange programs with several universities in the US and other countries.

Work

There is a wide assortment of volunteer organisations sending volunteers and interns to Tanzania to do work in health care, orphanages, education, and development projects. Finding a paying job may be more of a daunting task, taking more time and making use of local connections, but a job could be certainly obtainable when sought hard enough.

Pas på dig selv

Theft

As in many impoverished countries, caution should always be exercised, particularly in tourist areas, such as Arusha, Stone Town (Zanzibar), and Dar es Salaam. Violent crime against foreigners is not uncommon, particularly against those walking alone at night, which is not recommended. Pickpocketing and con artists are also common. Pickpockets work crowded markets, like Kariakoo, and bus stations. Don't be fooled by small children who are often forced into a life of crime by older kids or parents -- never carry anything of value in your pockets and don't let expensive camera equipment dangle from your neck. Don't leave bags unattended or even out of your sight when on the beach.

See specific area or city articles for details.

In general, avoid isolated areas, especially after dark. Travelling in large groups is safer. If there are many people or security guards around (e.g. city center areas) you should be relatively safe.

The safest way to travel is by taxi with a driver you know, especially when it's dark out (late night or early morning). Although it's uncommon, taxi drivers have been known to rob tourists. Get the number for a taxi you trust, from your hotel or a local.

Buses have infrequently been stopped by robbers on long-distance (often overnight) routes. If you have to travel a long distance by bus, it might be better to break it into multiple day-only trips, or to travel by plane or train.

In the event of an incident, the police may or may not make a strong effort to identify the culprits, but obtaining a police report is necessary if you plan on filing an insurance claim later, or if important documents are stolen. Make sure the police report indicates if your papers were stolen; otherwise you may have difficulty leaving the country. You should immediately contact your local embassy or consulate in the event that your passport is taken.

Walking

There are very few sidewalks in Tanzania, always pay careful attention to the traffic and be prepared to move out of the way, as vehicles do not make much effort to avoid pedestrians. In Tanzania, cars have priority.

The best way to avoid touts, sellers, dealers etc., when they inevitably come up to you and say "jambo" is to either say nothing, or to say "thank you" or "asante", and to keep moving. Some may be offended by 'no', and persistent touts will be encouraged by any kind of interaction at all.

Corruption

Tanzania, like many developing countries, suffers from corruption. Police are poorly paid - many make less than US$40/month. You may be solicited for a bribe by an official willing to turn a blind eye to your infraction, fabricated or otherwise. Some travellers are very much averse to paying bribes to anyone, especially in a country with so many needy but honest citizens.

Fraudsters are known to impersonate police, sometimes in the guise of an "immigration official" who identifies a problem with your documents. They will flash official-looking papers at you. But there are many plainclothes officers as well. And if you are confronted with someone in uniform, they will almost certainly be an actual officer.

On-the-spot-fine is one term used for a bribe. Those words are meant to initiate a conversation about money. You may be told that the real fine is TSh 40,000 or more and that for TSh 20,000 or 30,000, paid immediately, you can be on your way and avoid a trip to the Police Station to pay a higher fine.

If you are certain you are in the right, and do not want to pay a bribe, some strategies are:

• Involve other people. Fraudsters or corrupt officials are unlikely to pursue their schemes near an audience. You can ask bystanders for help on the pretext of not understanding the officer.
• Invoke higher powers. Insisting on going to the local police station is a good way to make an illegitimate issue go away. Suggesting a visit to your country's embassy (e.g. to have an official there help translate the conversation, due to one's poor knowledge of the local language and laws) is also effective. At this point, they usually have a look of horror on their face, since they don't want any real officials involved. Asking for bribes is illegal, and there is an office of corruption where they can be reported.
• Play dumb. Politely explain to the person that you don't understand the nature of the infraction, even if you do. Tanzanians are not direct, and prefer to imply what they want, instead of asking outright. Tell them you've only just arrived in the country, even if it's your 100th visit. If you know some Kiswahili, don't let on. It may only make things harder.
• Insist a receipt with an official stamp -- a request that is most likely to be met with confusion and concern. The idea is to show that you don’t know that this is actually a bribe and that you simply try to play by the rules. Hopefully, after 10 or 20 minutes of a circular, but always polite, conversation, they may send you on your merry way. A word of caution about this approach: corrupt officials have become wise to this and in one case a person requesting a receipt was told the cashier's office was closed and would not open until the next morning. The options were to pay the fine or spend the night in prison. It appears this was not a bluff on the part of the officer. The fine was paid and no receipt was issued. The game is constantly changing.

Also:

• Discussing money or negotiating the fine may encourage the perception that you understand the nature of the conversation (i.e. you are willing to pay a bribe).
• Directly accusing the officer of corruption is likely to be counter-productive; it is important that you allow the officer to save face.
• If you insist on going to the police station, you may be expected to give the officer a ride. If you are alone, and especially if the "officer" is plainclothes, this may not be a good idea. If you are approached by multiple people and are alone, under no circumstances get in their vehicle - insist on taking a taxi. And once you get to the station, just pay whatever fine is quoted and insist on a receipt. This may end up costing you more than the bribe, but at least this cop won't get any money out of you, and he/she may think twice before flagging down other foreigners. Also, demonstrate respect for their authority, never raise your voice, and never swear or insult them. Whether you are right or not does not matter at that point.

Finally: incidents of excessive force involving tourists are rare, but that doesn’t mean it cannot happen. For instance, police have been known to be drunk on the job, which can seriously inhibit their ability to reason. As in any situation where someone is trying to get money out of you, by force or threat of force, it's better to be safe than sorry; it's only money.

Stay healthy

Bottled water is cheap and widely available throughout the country. You shouldn't drink the tap water unless you have no other option, and it must either be filtered with a high quality filter and purifier or brought to a boil before consumption. Tests on tap water have found it contaminated with e-coli bacteria.

Illnesses and diseases

As in most African countries, the AIDS/HIV infection rate is high. Tanzania's HIV/AIDS infection rate was 5% among ages 15-49 according to a 2015 UNAIDS estimate [2]. This figure is deceiving, however, since several distinct segments of the population, such as artisanal miners, itinerant fisherman, truck drivers, and sex workers, have HIV infection rates significantly higher than the national average. Do not have unprotected sex in Tanzania or anywhere else, for that matter.

After food-borne illnesses, malaria should be your greatest concern. Malaria is transmitted by mosquitoes and is endemic to Tanzania. You may find yourself at risk in almost every part of the country, although this risk is diminished at altitudes above 2000 m. Care should always be taken between sunset and sunrise, especially during the rainy season. Always sleep under a treated net; wear trousers and closed footwear, and use an effective repellent. It's amazing, but many large hotels don’t automatically install mosquito nets in their rooms. However, a call to the reception requesting one is seldom ignored. In some cases, the nets have several large holes, but a bit of adhesive tape or tying a small knot to cover the hole should do the trick.

Prior to leaving for Tanzania, you may also wish to consult a physician about taking some anti-malarial medication -- before, during, and after your trip. If, in spite of your best efforts, you do contract malaria, it is usually easily treated with medication that is readily available throughout most of the country. If you plan on being in isolated locations, you may wish to drop by a clinic and purchase a batch. Symptoms associated with malaria can take up to two weeks before manifesting themselves. The rule of thumb for ex-pats living in Tanzania is this: Any fever lasting more than a day should be cause for concern and necessitate a trip to the clinic for a malaria test. Upon your return home, should you show signs of a possible malaria infection, notify your doctor that you’ve visited a malaria-infected country.

Other major illnesses to avoid are typhoid og cholera. In theory, typhoid can be avoided by carefully selecting food and drink and by avoiding consumption of anything unclean. Typhoid infection, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), is marked by 'persistent, high fevers...headache, malaise, anorexia, splenomegaly, and relative bradycardia.'

Cholera infection is marked by vomiting and sudden, uncontrollable bowel movements, which can dehydrate and ultimately kill the sufferer within 48 hours. It is important to seek medical attention as quickly as possible. Cholera is more or less a seasonal phenomenon in Zanzibar, where outbreaks frequently occur during the rainy seasons. Vaccines and/or oral prevention are available for both typhoid and cholera.

Yellow fever is an acute viral disease transmitted through the bite of a particular mosquito. Although not as common as malaria, it is nonetheless a serious disease, and travelers to Africa should consult a physician about being vaccinated against it. If you plan on traveling to other countries after your stay in Tanzania, some countries, such as South Africa, may require proof that you’ve been vaccinated against Yellow Fever before allowing you to enter the country. If you aren’t or can’t prove it, you will be offered two options: 1) receive the Yellow Fever vaccination at the airport, and 2) immediately leave the country. The Yellow Fever vaccine (as any vaccine) can have side effects for some people, so you may wish to get the vaccine in your home country, under controlled conditions. Most physicians will not administer the Yellow Fever vaccine to children under the age of 1 year, and a letter from a physician explaining this will ensure that your infant child will not receive the vaccine at the airport.- People travelling to Tanzania from India, There is acute shortage of the yellow fever vaccine in India so please get yourself vaccinated at the airport in Dar-es-Salaam as soon as you land there.

Gastrointestinal Distress, a.k.a. traveler’s diarrhea, is the result of one, some, or all of the following factors: Unhygienic food preparation and storage, changes in diet, fatigue, dehydration, and excessive alcohol consumption. Prevention is your best defense. Eat only raw vegetables and fruits you can peel and which have been rinsed in clean water. Avoid street or restaurant food that appears to have been left in the open for an extended period of time. Eat only freshly fried or steamed food. You should drink only bottled water, which is available throughout the country. You should even brush your teeth with it. If you must drink tap or well water, boil it for a minimum of 10 minutes or use a high quality filter.

Rift Valley Fever: In January 2007, there was an outbreak of RFV in the Kilimanjaro area. Consumption of unpasteurized milk and improperly cooked meat from infected cows led to a number of deaths in the area. Following the deaths, beef sales dropped sharply all over the country, despite the limited scope of the infection. In general, meat served in upscale restaurants is of superior quality. However, care should be taken when indulging in street foods or when eating in remote areas.

Insects and animals

Tanzania has its fair share of venomous and deadly insects and animals, such as Black and Green Mambas, scorpions, spiders, stinging ants, lions, sharks, and others. You should take care when walking through high grass; when visiting national parks, or when shoving your hand under rocks or into dark holes -- unless you know what you are doing. In actuality, the likelihood of encountering these and other similar dangers is remote.

The insect/animal most residents fear is the mosquito.

Medical facilities

Hospitals and dispensaries in Tanzania do not meet western standards. If you require surgery or any complex medical procedure you will have to be evacuated to Kenya, South Africa or Europe. You should ensure your medical insurance covers such expenses. Outside of Dar es Salaam, and especially outside of the larger cities and towns, you will be hard pressed to get even basic medical help as many doctors are poorly trained and/or have limited equipment and medication. You should ensure you have your own medical kit to hold you over in case of an emergency. Misdiagnoses are frequent for even common ailments such as malaria, as high as 70% of the cases.

Dar es Salaam is served by a few clinics staffed by western trained physicians. However, some surgical procedures still require evacuation out of Tanzania.

• IST Medical Clinic: Just off Haile Selassie Road past the Chole Road intersection, behind the International School of Tanganyika, Msasani Pinensula, Tel: 255 22 260 1307, Emergency: 255 754 783 393.
• Premier Care Clinic Limited: 259 Ali Hassan Mwinyi Road, Namanga, Kinondoni, P.O. Box 220, Dar es Salaam, Tel: 255 22 266 8385, Mobile: 255 748 254 642.
• Aga Khan Hospital: Corner of Ocean Road & Sea View Road, Tel: 255 22 211 5151.

Government hospitals

• Bugando Hospital, Mwanza, Tanzania Tel: 255 68 40610. The University College of Health Sciences at Bugando Medical Center is established as a Catholic college having four schools: Medical, Nursing, Pharmacotherapy and Dental.
• Muhimbili National hospital, located in Dar es Salaam
• Mbeya Referral Hospital, PO Box 419, Mbeya Tel: 255 65 3576.
• Mnazi Mmoja Hospital, PO Box 338, Zanzibar Tel: 255 54 31071.

Other Government run hospitals used for electives:

• Hindu Mandal Hospital, PO Box 581, Dar es Salaam Tel: 255 51 110237/110428.
• Agha Khan Hospital, PO Box 2289, Dar es Salaam Tel: 255 51 114096.
• Nachingwea District General Hospital, Nachingwea, Lindi, South Tanzania
• Teule District Designated Hospital, Muheza, Tanga Region.

Mission hospitals

• Berega Mission Hospital, Berega, Morogoro, Tanzania.
• St Anne’s Hospital, PO Box 2, Liuli (via Songea) (connected via USPG charity).
• St Francis Hospital, Kwo Mkono, Handeni District.
• A flying doctor service is based in Arusha, Tel: 255 2548578.

For any medical issues, contact: Ministry of Health, PO Box 9083, Dar es Salaam Tel: 255 51 20261 Fax: 51 39951

In Moshi Municipality (Kilimanjaro Region) there is the renowned KCMC, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, which is in the foothills of the snow-capped, Mount Kilimanjaro.

Respect

Ramadan Ramadan is the 9th and holiest month in the Islamic calendar and lasts 29–30 days. Muslims fast every day for its duration and most restaurants will be closed until the fast breaks at dusk. Nothing (including water and cigarettes) is supposed to pass through the lips from dawn to sunset. Non-Muslims are exempt from this, but should still refrain from eating or drinking in public as this is considered very impolite. Working hours are decreased as well in the corporate world.Exact dates of Ramadan depend on local astronomical observations and may vary somewhat from country to country. Ramadan concludes with the festival of Eid al-Fitr, which may last several days, usually three in most countries. 13 April – 12 May 2021 (1442 AH) 2 April – 1 May 2022 (1443 AH) 23 March – 20 April 2023 (1444 AH) 11 March – 9 April 2024 (1445 AH) 1 March – 29 March 2025 (1446 AH) If you're planning to travel to Tanzania during Ramadan, consider reading Travelling during Ramadan.

In general, tourists should wear modest or conservative attire, especially in Zanzibar, which is a conservative Muslim society. Western women should not wear clothing that reveals too much skin. 'Kangas', brightly-colored wrap-around cloth, are affordable, available throughout the country, and can serve as a discreet covering.

The Masai people, with their colorful clothing, are tempting targets for any tourist with a camera. However, they expect to be paid for it, and you should always ask before taking pictures.

It is common practice among Swahili-speakers to use 'shikamoo' (prounounced 'she ka moe' and literally meaning, 'I hold your feet') when greeting elders or superiors. The usual response from an elder will be 'marahaba'. In Zanzibar, the equivalent of 'shikamoo' is 'chei chei'. The traveler will get along very well when using these verbal expressions of respect. In addition, a title after the 'shikamoo' is also a useful indicator that you are not just a dumb tourist -- 'shikamoo bwana' for the gents, and, when addressing a female elder, 'shikamoo mama'.

Tanzanians will also comment if you are doing any work while they are not, with the phrase "pole na kazi". It literally means "I'm sorry you have to work". A simple "asante", or "thanks", will suffice in reply.

Many Tanzanian sellers are persistent and, ordinarily, a simple head shake, accompanied by "asante sana", should settle it. However, as a last resort, a firm "hapana", meaning "no", will do the trick. Tanzanians find the word "hapana" quite rude, so please don't use it casually -- only as a last resort. Whatever you plan to do, do not tell someone you will come back to buy from them later when you have no such intention; better to be honest and say 'no' than having to avoid someone for days. They somehow have a funny way of finding you when you promised to visit their stall or shop!

The most polite way to refuse something is to say "sihitaji" (pronounced see-hih-tah-jee)- "I don't need it".

Opret forbindelse

Keeping in touch while traveling in Tanzania is rarely a problem. You can get decent mobile phone reception even in some national parks.

Telephone calls

The "Tanzania Telecommunications Company Ltd" (TTCL) is the state owned telecom, operating all pay phones and landlines in Tanzania. As it is the case with most developing countries, telephone fixed-lines are not affordable for many ordinary people. However, the mobile network has blossomed throughout Africa in the past five years, and this is equally true of Tanzania. With many used mobile phones for sale and the very low cost of getting a SIM card, Tsh 2000, this is the popular choice of most Tanzanians. For many, a mobile phone is the first large purchase when they get a job. The major mobile service providers operate all over the country, even in some of the most remote areas, although service interruptions are common.

If you find a taxi driver or tour guide that you like, ask for his/her mobile number. This is often the best way to reach them.

Using a mobile phoneIf you have an "unlocked" GSM 900/1800MHz frequency mobile phone (the same frequency as used in the rest of the world, apart from USA and Canada), you can purchase a local SIM card for 500 Tsh from a series of Tanzanian service providers. The most popular are Airtel, Vodacomog Tigo. Zantel is a new arrival on the mainland and, through the national roaming agreement with Vodacom, has the largest network coverage.

Air timeYou can recharge your "Prepaid" mobile phone account by using "scratch-cards", which are available everywhere. Just look for shops or even small tables set up along the road, with posters for the various mobile service providers. Those cards come in the following denominations: Tsh 500, 1000, 5000, 10 000, 20 000, and 50 000. If you plan on making frequent calls outside of Africa, you will need at least a 10000 Tsh-card.

Making calls within Tanzania to a mobile phone

Dial "0 & (telephone number)" eller " 255 & (telephone number)"

Making calls within Tanzania to a landline

Dial "0 & (city code) & (telephone number)" eller " 255 & (city code) & (telephone number)"

Telephone codes for the Tanzanian cities (These numbers are only used when calling landlines)

Dar es Salaam (22), Morogoro & Mtwara (23), Zanzibar & Pemba (24), Mbeya (25), Iringa (26), Arusha & Tanga (27), and Mwanza (28).

Making international calls

Dial " & (country code) & (area code, if any) & (telephone number)" eller "000 & (country code) & (area code, if any) & (telephone number)"

Internet

With the advent of Internet-equipped cell phones, internet cafés are dying out throughout Tanzania. They used to be easy to find in major urban areas, like Dar es Salaam and Arusha, and may persist.

International telecommunications have low capacity, and can be unreliable

Some mobile providers have started offering wireless internet service. Zantel, Vodacom, Tigo, and Airtel are the main providers. Alle byområder og mange landdistrikter, der har mobiltelefondækning, har også mobil internetdækning. Trådløs 3G-dækning er tilgængelig i mange områder af Dar es Salaam, Arusha, mange mindre centre og Zanzibar by.

For at bruge denne tjeneste kan du bruge din telefons mobilbrowser. For at bruge det med en computer skal du først købe et CDMA PC-kort eller en USB-mobilmodtager, der tilsluttes din computer. Dette vil sætte dig tilbage omkring Tsh 200.000. Hvis du har en ulåst CDMA-telefon med et modemkabel, fungerer det også.

Airtime opnås ved hjælp af skrabelodder ligesom mobiltelefoner. Forbindelseshastighederne er ca. Tsh 60 for 1 Mb eller US $ 0,05 pr. MB. Så 1 GB download og upload giver dig 50 USD tilbage. Ikke billigt.

Til mobiltelefonbrug er et tanzaniansk pay-as-you-go SIM-kort dog en meget god løsning. Et opkald til Europa er billigere end den anden vej, og data er billige nok til at bruge til e-mail og web-browsing.

Trådløst (WIFI) leveres også af nogle udbydere, hovedsagelig Powernet (Bibi Titi Mohammed Road, Elia Complex) 0658769376, 0787769376, 0757769376, 0777769376, Ubegrænset internetadgang overalt i byområderne i Dar-Es-Salam, der koster 30.000 Tsh (20 US $) .

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